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Primary Care Physicians May Be Ordering More Pap Smears Than Necessary (11/13/2009)
Researchers from the National Institutes of Health have reported that primary care physicians overuse Pap smear testing and are not following current recommendations. The details of this study appeared in the November 3, 2009 issue of the Annals of Internal Medicine.
Vaccination for HPV in Females Associated with a Decline in Genital Warts in Females and Males (10/29/2009)
Researchers from Australia have reported a decline in the number of cases of genital warts in women and men since the initiation of quadrivalent vaccination to prevent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The details of this study appeared in an early on-line publication in Sexually Transmitted Infections on October 16, 2009.
Knowledge Deficits Limit Use of HPV Vaccine in Young Women (10/29/2009)
Researchers from Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Upstate Medical University and the State University of New York at Buffalo have reported that knowledge and risk perceptions among college students limits vaccination for human papillomavirus (HPV). The details of this study appeared in an early on-line publication in Sexually Transmitted Infections on October 19, 2009.
HPV Vaccination Not Cost-effective for Women over 30 Years of Age (10/28/2009)
Researchers from the Harvard School of Public Health have reported that human papillomavirus vaccination for prevention of cervical cancer is not cost-effective in women between the ages of 35 and 45 years. The details of this report appeared in the October 20, 2009 issue of the Annals of Internal Medicine.
CDC Panel Rejects Routine Vaccination of Boys with Gardasil® but Approves use for Preventing Genital Warts (10/26/2009)
On September 9, 2009, a U.S. FDA advisory panel voted for approval of the use of Gardasil® for the prevention of genital warts in males ages nine through 16. The age range was based on safety data for this age group. However, another U.S. FDA advisory panel, on 10/21/2009, voted against the routine use of Gardasil for vaccination of all young boys.
HPV Vaccine, Cervarix®, Approved by the U.S. FDA (10/19/2009)
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved Cervarix®, a vaccine against two high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV), for prevention of cervical cancer and cervical precancers. This is the second HPV vaccine to be approved in the United States.
Study Questions Whether or Not HPV Vaccination of Boys Is Cost Effective (10/13/2009)
Researchers from Harvard have reported that including boys in a human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program may not be cost effective. The details of this study were published online in the British Medical Journal on October 8, 2009.
Immunosuppression Increases Risk of HPV-related Cancers in AIDS Patients (8/24/2009)
Researchers from the National Cancer Institute have reported that the risk of HPV-related cancers is elevated among AIDS patients. This risk continues to increase as patients’ immune systems become more compromised. The details of this study appeared in the August 16, 2009 issue of the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
Cervarix®, an HPV Vaccine, Prevents Precancerous Cervical Lesions (7/9/2009)
Researchers affiliated with the randomized PATRICIA trial have reported that Cervarix®, a human papillomavirus (HPV)-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine made by GlaxoSmithKline has proven effective for preventing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2+ in young women. The details of this study were published early online in the Lancet on July 7, 2009.
CIN Associated with Long-term Risk of Recurrence and Invasive Cervical Cancer (7/2/2009)
Researchers from Canada have reported that women who have undergone treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) have a long-term increased risk of developing invasive carcinoma or a recurrence of CIN and, as such, need long-term surveillance. The details of this study appeared in the May 20, 2009 issue of the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
Gardasil® Label Highlights Fainting Risk (6/16/2009)
Information about the risk of fainting has been added to the “Warnings and Precautions” section of the prescribing information for the HPV vaccine Gardasil®. As with any vaccine, Gardasil recipients should remain seated or lying down and be observed for 15 minutes following vaccination.
Sentinel Node Biopsy Is a Minimally-invasive, Effective Method for Determining Spread of Cervical Cancer (6/10/2009)
Researchers from France have reported that the majority of women with cervical cancer can safely undergo sentinel node biopsy instead of full pelvic lymph node dissection to determine the spread of their disease, thereby avoiding the complications associated with the more invasive procedure. The details of this study were reported at the 2009 annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology in Orlando, Florida, on May 31.
Gemzar® Added to Chemoradiation Improves Survival in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer (6/9/2009)
Researchers involved in an International multicenter study have reported that the addition of Gemzar® (gemcitabine) to the standard therapy of Platinol® (cisplatin) and concurrent radiation significantly improved survival in women with Stage IIB-IVA cervical cancer. The details of this study were presented at the 2009 annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology in Orlando, Florida on May 31.
HPV Screening for Cervical Cancer Reduces Deaths from Cervical Cancer (4/8/2009)
Researchers affiliated with the Alliance for Cervical Cancer Prevention, supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, have reported that “a single round of HPV testing was associated with a significant reduction in the numbers of advanced cervical cancers and deaths from cervical cancer.” The details of this study appeared in the April 2, 2009 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
Avastin® Shows Promise in Treatment of Cervical Cancer (3/6/2009)
Researchers affiliated with the Gynecologic Oncology Group have reported that Avastin® (bevacizumab) has significant activity for the treatment of persistent or recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. These results were published in the March 1, 2009 issue of the Journal of Clinical Oncology.
Allergic Reactions Uncommon with Cervical Cancer Vaccine (12/22/2008)
Researchers from Australia have reported that allergic reactions to Gardasil® (Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus Vaccine) are uncommon and most young women who have a suspected allergic reaction can tolerate subsequent doses. The details of this study appeared in an early online publication on December 2, 2002 in the British Medical Journal.
Robotically-assisted Hysterectomy Appears Effective for Cervical Cancer (11/24/2008)
Researchers from the University of North Carolina have reported that robotically-assisted hysterectomy (RAH) in patients with early-stage cervical cancer is at least as effective as traditional open radical hysterectomy (ORH) and produces fewer complications. The details of this study appeared in the October 2008 issue of the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
HPV Vaccine Effective in Males (11/17/2008)
Researchers from the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center have reported that Gardasil® (Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus [Types 6, 11, 16, 18] Recombinant Vaccine), the vaccine approved for the prevention of cervical cancer and other HPV-related conditions in women, has now been shown to prevent genital lesions in men ages 16 to 26. The results of this pivotal Phase III study were presented at the November 12-15, 2008 European Research Organization on Genital Infection and Neoplasia (EUROGIN) International Multidisciplinary Conference in France.
Primary Physicians are not Recommending Cancer Screening of Medicaid Recipients (10/28/2008)
Researchers from the University of North Carolina have reported that primary care physicians were not recommending cancer screening for colorectal, breast and cervical cancer for half of the eligible patients. The details of this study appeared in the October 13, 2008 issue of the Archives of Internal Medicine.
Vaccination Against Human Papillomavirus Decreases Related Tests and Treatment for Cervical Cancer (6/3/2008)
Researchers affiliated with the Quadrivalent HPV Vaccine Merck Study Group have reported that vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with a reduction in Pap tests, colposcopy, cervical biopsy, and definitive treatment among women who were uninfected at the time of vaccination. The details of this study were presented at the 39th annual meeting of the Society of Gynecologic Oncologists (SGO) in Tampa, Florida, from March 9 to 12, 2008.
African Americans with First-degree Relatives with Colon Cancer Have Poor Screening Rate (3/27/2008)
Researchers from Vanderbilt University have reported that 27% of African Americans with a first-degree relative with colon cancer undergo screening colonoscopy compared with 43% for White persons. The details of this study appeared in the March 24, 2008 issue of the Archives of Internal Medicine.
Neulasta® on First Day of Chemotherapy May Be More Convenient for Gynecologic Cancers (3/18/2008)
Researchers from the University of Alabama have reported that the administration of Neulasta® (pegfilgrastim) on the first day of chemotherapy among women with gynecologic cancers may be as effective as and more convenient than second-day administration. These results were recently reported at the 2008 annual Society of Gynecologic Oncologists meeting.
Increased Risk of Cancer Persists Long after Treatment for Precancerous Cervical Changes (11/9/2007)
Researchers from Sweden have reported that women who have been treated for high-grade precancerous changes to the cervix (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3) are more likely than women in the general population to subsequently develop cervical or vaginal cancer. Furthermore, this increased risk persists for at least 25 years. The details of this study appeared in an early on-line publication in the British Medical Journal on October 24, 2007.
HPV Testing Superior to Papanicolaou Testing for Cervical Cancer Screening (11/3/2007)
Two recent studies published in the October 18, 2007 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine help clarify the effects of screening for human papillomavirus (HPV) compared to standard Papanicolaou (Pap) testing.
HPV Vaccine, Cervarix™, not Therapeutic in Women with Preexisting Infection (8/22/2007)
Researchers affiliated with the Costa Rican HPV Vaccine Trial have reported that women who are positive for HPV DNA, do not benefit from Cervarix (GlaxoSmithKline) a vaccine against HPV 16/18 L1 virus-like particle. The details of this study appeared in the August 15, 2007 issue of the Journal of the AmericanMedical Association.
Cervarix™, a Vaccine against HPV 16/18 Effective for Cervical Cancer Prevention (7/2/2007)
Researchers involved in the PATRICIA study (Papilloma Trial against Cancer in Young Adults) have reported that the adjuvanted human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine Cervarix (GlaxoSmithKline) was 90.4% effective in preventing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2+ related to HPV16/18 in previously unexposed women. The details of this study were published in the June 30, 2007 issue of The Lancet.
Results of Three Randomized Trials of Gardasil® Vaccine for HPV Summarized (5/22/2007)
Researchers affiliated with three randomized trials involving the quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine (Gardasil) have reported the combined results in the May 19, 2007 issue of The Lancet. They concluded that Gardasil was effective in preventing high-grade vulval and vaginal lesions associated with HPV16 or HPV18 in women unexposed to these types before vaccination.
Gardasil® Prevents High-Grade Cervical Neoplasia Related to Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) (5/14/2007)
Researchers involved in the FUTURE II Study have reported that Gardasil (HPV-6/11/16/18) vaccination of young women previously uninfected with human papillomavirus (HPV)-16 or HPV-18 prevents high-grade cervical neoplasia. This study led to the approval of Gardasil by the US Food and Drug Administration. The details of this study appeared in the May 10, 2007 issue of The New England Journal of Medicine.
Gardasil® Vaccine Reduces Incidence of Anogenital Diseases in Young Women (5/14/2007)
Researchers involved in an international randomized trial have reported that Gardasil (quadrivant vaccine against HPV-6, 11, 16, and 18) significantly reduces the incidence of anogenital diseases. The details of this study appeared in the May 10, 2007 issue of The New England Journal of Medicine.
Additional Evidence of HPV Vaccine Effectiveness (5/7/2007)
Two studies presented at the 2007 annual meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) provide additional evidence that vaccination against high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV) is likely to greatly reduce the occurrence of cervical cancer.
sBLA Submitted for Gardasil® (4/30/2007)
Merck has submitted a supplemental Biological license application (sBLA) for their cervical cancer vaccine Gardasil. The sBLA would include Gardasil to be used in the prevention in vaginal and vulvar cancers.
Gardasil® Vaccination Guidelines Adopted by CDC (4/13/2007)
The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) has adopted the unanimous recommendation of its Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) for Gardasil (quadrivalent human papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, 18) recombinant vaccine) use in girls and women 11 to 26 years of age.
BLA Submitted for Cervarix® (4/3/2007)
GlaxoSmithKline has submitted a Biologics License Application (BLA) to the United States Food and Drug Administration for their vaccine Cervarix.
Women with HPV Grade 3 CIN have Increased Incidence of Anogenital Cancers (4/2/2007)
Researchers in Sweden have reported that women with grade 3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasm (CIN) related to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection are also at increased risk for the development of cancer of the vagina, vulva and anus. The details of this study appeared in the April, 2007 issue of Lancet Oncology.
U.S. Women are Poorly Informed about Human Papillomavirus and Cervical Cancer (3/5/2007)
Researchers from the NIH have reported that only 40% of US women had ever heard of human papillomavirus (HPV) and less than 50% of these knew it caused cervical cancer. The details of this study appeared in the February 2007 issue of Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention.
Prevalence of HPV in the U.S. Greater than Previously Thought (3/1/2007)
Researchers from the CDC have reported that the prevalence of human papillomaviruses (HPV) among women in the United States may be greater than previously thought. The details of this study appeared in the February 28, 2007 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association
Strategies for Vaccination with Human Papillomavirus Vaccines Outlined (2/15/2007)
Researchers from Finland have used mathematical models of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 virus infections to determine the optimal age for vaccination and results of different patterns of introduction into the general population.
Celebrex® Effective in Reversing High-Grade Cervical Dysplasia (11/14/2006)
Researchers from Tripler Army Medical Center have reported that Celebrex (celecoxib) may be effective for treatment of high-grade cervical dysplasia.
Avastin® Combination Has Activity in Heavily Pretreated Cervical Cancer (11/13/2006)
Researchers from Washington University have reported that Avastin (bevacizumab) in combination with 5-FU or Xeloda® (capecitabine) is active in women with heavily pretreated, recurrent cervical cancer.
Post-Op Pelvic Radiation Therapy Improves Outcome of Stage IB Cervical Cancer (8/16/2006)
A multicenter randomized trial performed by the Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) with a long follow-up has demonstrated that post-op pelvic radiation decreases recurrences in patients with stage IB cervical cancer.
Study Explores Risk of Cervical Abnormalities in Older Women (8/8/2006)
Researchers affiliated with the Woman’s Health Initiative have reported that sexually active postmenopausal women without a monogamous relationship were at increased risk of developing high-grade precancerous changes to the cervix.
Condom Use Reduces Risk of Genital Human Papilloma Virus Infection (6/23/2006)
Researchers from the University of Washington have reported that consistent condom use reduces the risk of developing genital human papilloma virus (HPV) infection in newly sexually active women.
Cervarix™ Highly Immunogenic and Well Tolerated up to Age 55 (6/20/2006)
Cervarix™, GlaxoSmithKline’s cervical cancer vaccine candidate, produced an antibody response against human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 in 100% of vaccinated women between the ages of 15 and 55 years. These results were presented at the 2006 annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO).
Gardasil® Effective against HPV-Associated Vaginal and Vulvar Lesions (6/9/2006)
Researchers from Finland reported that the investigative vaccine Gardasil (quadrivalent human papillomavirus types 6, 11, 16, 18) is effective against the development of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related vaginal and vulvar lesions. These results were presented at the 42nd annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO).
HPV Vaccine Shows Sustained Efficacy (4/11/2006)
An international study has shown that a vaccine against two high-risk types of human papilloma virus (HPV) appears to remain effective for at least four and a half years and may also provide cross-protection against two other high-risk types of HPV.
LUMA™ Cervical Imaging System Approved for Detection of Pre-Cancerous Cervical Cells (4/3/2006)
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently approved the use of the LUMA™ Cervical Imaging System to help identify areas of the cervix that may contain pre-cancerous or cancerous cells.
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine Has Prolonged Prevention of Cervical Neoplasia (2/1/2006)
Researchers from several U.S. medical institutions have reported that the vaccine, HPV16L1 VLP provides protection against HPV16 infection and related cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) for at least 3.5 years after immunization.
Screen and Treat Cervical Cancer Programs Effective in Low-Resource Setting (11/9/2005)
Two studies have suggested that cervical cancer screening and treatment programs that involve fewer clinic visits and readily available technology reduce the risk of cervical cancer in high-risk women treated in low-resource settings.
Merck Announces that HPV Vaccine, Gardasil™, Prevents Cervical Cancer (10/11/2005)
Merck has announced that their investigational vaccine, Gardasil, was 100% effective in preventing high-grade cervical pre-cancers and non-invasive cervical cancers associated with human papilloma virus (HPV) types 16 and 18 in a phase III randomized trial.
Vaccination to Prevent Cervical Cancer Shows Great Promise (11/23/2004)
Researchers affiliated with the GlaxoSmithKline HPV Study Group have reported that a bivalent human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine “was efficacious in prevention of incident and persistent cervical infections with HPV-16 and HPV-18, and associated cytological abnormalities and lesions. Vaccination against such infections could substantially reduce the incidence of cervical cancer.” The details of this report appeared in the November 13, 2004 issue of the Lancet.
U.S. Women Who Have Had Their Cervix Removed Continue to be Screened for Cervical Cancer (6/23/2004)
Researchers from Dartmouth Medical School have reported that “many U.S. women are undergoing Pap smear screening even though they are not at risk of cervical cancer.” The details of this study appeared in the June 23, 2004 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
Elderly Women Often Inappropriately Screened for Breast and Cervical Cancer (5/6/2004)
Researchers from the University of California have reported that older women in poor health are screened for breast and cervical cancer at the same rate as women in good health, suggesting an inappropriate use of valuable resources. The details of this report appeared in the May 4, 2004 issue of the
Annals of Internal Medicine.
Annual Pap Smears Not Necessary for Some Women (10/16/2003)
Researchers from several major academic cancer centers have reported that women who have had three consecutive negative Pap smears can have the screening interval increased to 3 years with minimal risk. The results of this study were published in the October 16, 2003 issue of the
New England Journal of Medicine.
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Benefits of Cervical Cancer Screening Interval Varies with Age (7/16/2003)
In the July 7, 2003 issue of the
British Journal of Cancer, researchers from England suggested that women between the ages of 40-54 benefit from cervical screening for cancer every 3 years rather than every 5 years, as is often done in England. Guidelines of the American Cancer Society are consistent with this recommendation.
Progress on Development of Vaccines to Prevent and Treat HPV Associated Cervical Cancer (5/2/2003)
In a conference titled
Development of Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines held in Los Angeles on April 27-29, 2003, Ian Fraxer from Brisbane, Australia reviewed the progress of efforts to develop vaccines against human papilloma (HPV) for prevention of infection, prevention of cervical cancer, and for therapy of established cervical cancer
Progress Reported on Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Vaccine (4/30/2003)
Dr. John Neefe, from Stress Biotechnologies, reported progress on CoVal™, a Human Papilloma Virus vaccine at a conference titled
Development of Therapeutic cancer Vaccines held in Los Angeles April 27-29. This meeting was sponsored by the John Wayne Cancer Institute, the International Association of Biologicals, and the Royal Society of Medicine.
Progress Reported on Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Vaccine (4/30/2003)
Dr. John Neefe, from Stress Biotechnologies, reported progress on CoVal™, a Human Papilloma Virus vaccine at a conference titled
Development of Therapeutic cancer Vaccines held in Los Angeles April 27-29. This meeting was sponsored by the John Wayne Cancer Institute, the International Association of Biologicals, and the Royal Society of Medicine.
Combined Pap Test and Test for Human Papilloma Virus Predicts Women at Low and High Risk for Cervical Cancer (1/7/2003)
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted viruses and is usually benign. However, there is increasing evidence that the persistence of HPV infection with types 16 and 18 plays a role in the development of cervical cancer. It has been determined in several studies that HPV status predicts the future development of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions which are precursor changes to cervical cancer.
Vaccine Against Human Papillomavirus May Prevent Cervical Cancer (11/22/2002)
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a sexually transmitted disease that is the primary cause of cervical cancer. HPV is present in virtually all cases of invasive cervical cancer. It is estimated that more than 6 million women in the United States have HPV infection. There are more than 100 types of HPV and over 30 of these can be transmitted through sexual contact. Different types of HPVs are classified as “low-risk” and “high-risk.” While both low-risk and high-risk HPVs can cause the growth of abnormal cells, usually only the high-risk HPVs will develop into cancer. Although 13 types of HPV are classified as high-risk and are known to be associated with cervical cancer, four of these types account for the majority of cases of cervical cancer. HPV-16 is found in approximately 50% of cervical cancers and types 18, 31 and 45 account for an additional 25%-30% of cervical cancers.
Smoking Associated with Increased Risk of Cervical Cancer in Women with Human Papilloma Virus (9/25/2002)
Infection with Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is thought to be a prerequisite for the development of cervical cancer or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3). However, most women who are infected with HPV do not get cervical cancer or CIN3. Investigators have therefore sought other co-factors that might interact with HPV to cause cervical cancer. Several retrospective studies have identified smoking, multiple births and oral contraceptive use as potential cofactors for the development of cervical cancer in women infected with HPV. Now, researchers at Kaiser Permanente in Portland, Oregon and the National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics have performed a prospective study which helps to clarify the risk factors associated with the development of cervical cancer in HPV infected women.
Presence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Leads to Pre-cancerous Cervical Lesions (9/16/2002)
Human papillomavirus is one of the most common sexually transmitted viruses and is usually benign. However, there is increasing evidence that the persistence of infection HPV with types 16 and 18 plays a role in the development of cervical cancer. Danish researchers have determined that HPV status at the beginning of their study predicted future development of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. This supports the concept that persistent HPV infection leads to the development of cervical neoplasia. The results of this study were published in the September 2002 issue of the
British Medical Journal.
Screening for Breast and Cervical Cancer in Rural Areas Lags Behind Urban Areas (7/10/2002)
Cancer screening programs have saved countless lives and are extremely cost effective. However, such programs are not equally available throughout the United States. There are still underserved areas in the U.S. where it is necessary to increase the fraction of women who are screened for breast and cervical cancer. Researchers from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have reported in a recent issue of the journal
Cancer the differences between urban and rural screening for breast and cervical cancer.
Circumcision Reduces Penile Human Papillomavirus Infection and Cervical Cancer in Female Partners (4/15/2002)
Women who are infected with the human papillomavirus (HPV) have a marked increase in the incidence of cervical cancer. It is uncertain whether male circumcision reduces the risks of penile HPV infection in the man and of cervical cancer in his female partner.
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